水的离子积pKw=f(T.P)计算公式

本文在系统地研究了国内外水的离子积计算公式基础上,根据化学热力学理论,提出临界区和超临界区水的离子积pK_W=f(T.P)计算公式。与Sweeton实验值比较,0°～300℃pK_W平均偏差0.008;0°～300℃,1—1000bar pK_W计算值接近Marshall公式的计算值,但比它实用。同时,可以导出pK_W=f(T)pK_W=f(T.ρ)类型的计算公式。     

An ab initio/RRKM study of product branching ratios in the photodissociation of buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes and but-2-yne at 193 nm

Ab initio G2M(MP2)//B3LYP/6-311G** calculations have been performed to investigate the reaction mechanism of photodissociation of buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes and but-2-yne after their internal conversion into the vibrationally hot ground electronic state. The detailed study of the potential-energy surface was followed by microcanonical RRKM calculations of energy-dependent rate constants for individual reaction steps (at 193 nm photoexcitation and under collision-free conditions) and by solution of kinetic equations aimed at predicting the product branching ratios. For buta-1,2-diene, the major dissociation channels are found to be the single Cbond;C bond cleavage to form the methyl and propargyl radicals and loss of hydrogen atoms from various positions to produce the but-2-yn-1-yl (p1), buta-1,2-dien-4-yl (p2), and but-1-yn-3-yl (p3) isomers of C(4)H(5). The calculated branching ratio of the CH(3) + C(3)H(3)/C(4)H(5) + H products, 87.9:5.9, is in a good agreement with the recent experimental value of 96:4 (ref. 21) taking into account that a significant amount of the C(4)H(5) product undergoes secondary dissociation to C(4)H(4) + H. The isomerization of buta-1,2-diene to buta-1,3-diene or but-2-yne appears to be slower than its one-step decomposition and plays only a minor role. On the other hand, the buta-1,3-diene-->buta-1,2-diene, buta-1,3-diene-->but-2-yne, and buta-1,3-diene-->cyclobutene rearrangements are significant in the dissociation of buta-1,3-diene, which is shown to be a more complex process. The major reaction products are still CH(3) + C(3)H(3), formed after the isomerization of buta-1,3-diene to buta-1,2-diene, but the contribution of the other radical channels, C(4)H(5) + H and C(2)H(3) + C(2)H(3), as well as two molecular channels, C(2)H(2) + C(2)H(4) and C(4)H(4) + H(2), significantly increases. The overall calculated C(4)H(5) + H/CH(3) + C(3)H(3)/C(2)H(3) + C(2)H(3)/C(4)H(4) + H(2)/C(2)H(2) + C(2)H(4) branching ratio is 24.0:49.6:4.6:6.1:15.2, which agrees with the experimental value of 20:50:8:2:2022 within 5 % margins. For but-2-yne, the one-step decomposition pathways, which include mostly H atom loss to produce p1 and, to a minor extent, molecular hydrogen elimination to yield methylethynylcarbene, play an approximately even role with that of the channels that involve the isomerization of but-2-yne to buta-1,2- or -1,3-dienes. p1 + H are the most important reaction products, with a branching ratio of 56.6 %, followed by CH(3) + C(3)H(3) (23.8 %). The overall C(4)H(5) + H/CH(3) + C(3)H(3)/C(2)H(3) + C(2)H(3)/C(4)H(4) + H(2)/C(2)H(2) + C(2)H(4) branching ratio is predicted as 62.0:23.8:2.5:5.7:5.6. Contrary to buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes, photodissociation of but-2-yne is expected to produce more hydrogen atoms than methyl radicals. The isomerization mechanisms between various isomers of the C(4)H(6) molecule including buta-1,2- and -1,3-dienes, but-2-yne, 1-methylcyclopropene, dimethylvinylidene, and cyclobutene have been also characterized in detail.     

超痕量铱的催化荧光分析新方法研究

在０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质及加热条件下，超痕量Ｉｒ强烈催化ＫＩＯ４氧化罗丹明Ｂ生成一种绿色荧光产物，藉自来水冷却中止反应，研究了催化荧光法测定超痕量铱的影响因素，建立了一个检出限和测定范围分别为０．００５ｎｇ／ｍＬ和０．０１－２ｎｇ／ｍＬ铱的催化荧光分析新方法，并探讨了催化反应的机理。     

Solubility of Crystalline Calcium Isosaccharinate

The solubility of calcium isosaccharinate Ca(ISA)₂(c) was determined at 23°C as a function of pH (1–14) and calcium ion molality (0.03–0.52). The similarity of solubility from the over- and undersaturation directions for different equilibration periods indicated that equilibrium in these solutions was reached rapidly (< 7 days) and that these data can be used to develop thermodynamic equilibrium constants. The solubility data were interpreted using the Pitzer ion–interaction model. The logarithms of the thermodynamic equilibrium constants determined from these data were 1.30 for the dominant reaction at pH < 4.5 [Ca(ISA)₂(c) + 2H⁺ Ca²⁺ + 2HISA(aq)], and –2.22 for the dominant reaction at 4.5 [Ca(ISA)₂(c)+ Ca(ISA)₂(aq)]. In addition, the logarithm of the dissociation constant of HISA [HISA(aq) ISA- + H⁺] was calculated to be –4.46.     

垃圾衍生燃料等温快速热解和燃烧反应特性

利用热天平和管式炉对RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel)等温快速热解和燃烧反应特性进行了研究。实验发现，在等温快速升温的条件下，RDF热解和燃烧的反应速率都非常快，从受热开始到反应结束需60 s～80 s;从开始失重到完成反应为20 s。RDF热解和燃烧热重反应曲线非常类似，都只有一个反应失重区;RDF组成对其燃烧和热解反应性有重要影响，含有橡胶的RDF的热解和燃烧反应速率较小。在650 ℃～800 ℃RDF快速热解产物中气、液产物的产率可达80%～90%，而固体产物的产率只有10%～20%，热解气体的热值为20kJ/m3，RDF较适合进行热解处理。     

12,6-桉烷内酯类天然产物的合成研究

综述了12,6-桉烷内酯类天然产物的化学合成方法.     

The effects of strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) water leaf extract and arbutin upon kidney function and primary DNA damage in renal cells of rats

Abstract

Although strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) leaves have long been used as a herbal remedy, insufficient information is available on their nephrotoxicity. We assessed the safety of strawberry tree water leaf extract and its key component arbutin, administered per os to Lewis rats of both genders at 200?mg/kg b.w./day for 14 and 28 days. The effects of the tested compounds on DNA integrity in renal cells was evaluated using alkaline comet assay, while kidney function was studied using serum creatinine and urea levels. Strawberry tree water leaf extract showed high biocompatibility with kidney tissue. It did not impair DNA integrity of renal cells and kidney function, either in male or female rats. However, exposure to single arbutin affected the levels of primary DNA damage in renal cells which could be related to metabolic conversion of arbutin into hydroquinone, whose nephrotoxicity has previously been proven.     

低吸光度差示分光光度法测定油品中的铁

将一新的低吸光度差示分光光度法用于油品中铁的测定并与普通分光光度法测定结果的精密度和准确度进行了比较。结果表明，对于低吸光度样品的测定，该法较普通分光光度法准确。同时，该法克服了以前低吸光度差示分光光度法中差示吸光度与样品含量不成线性关系的不足。     

An Expeditious Route for the Total Synthesis of Pondaplin Isolated from Annona glabra

A novel cyclic prenylated phenylpropanoid, pondaplin 1, was first synthesized in 26% overall yields through an expeditious route (7 steps) that employed highly regio- and stereoselective phenyltellurenylation to arylacetylene and palladium (Ⅱ) chloride-catalyzed carbonylation of hydroxy styryl phenyl telluride as key steps.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 7-Acetamido-5-chloro-8-（p-methyl- oxybenzenesulfonyloxy）-2-styrylquinoline

The title compound 7-acetamido-5-chloro-8-(p-methyloxybenzenesulfonyloxy)-2- styrylquinoline 4 (C26H21ClN2O5S, Mr = 508.96) has been synthesized and characterized by 1H- NMR, IR, ESI-MS and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The crystal belongs to orthorhombic, space group Pca21, with a = 7.920(3), b = 10.672(5), c = 28.008(12) , V = 2367.3(17) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.425 g/cm3, μ = 0.290 mm-1, F(000) = 1056, R = 0.0323 and wR = 0.0692 for 3895 unique reflections with 3127 observed ones (I > 2σ(I)). X-ray analysis reveals that the styrylquinoline subunit adopts a coplanar conformation, where the benzene ring and quinoline are in trans configuration.